Region: Asia, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines.
Habitat: evergreen and old clearing forest; elevations from 50 - 800.
Content: tannins.
BotanyTree.
Stem: to 50cm in diameter; inner bark is pinkish cinnamon; heartwood is dull purplish brown, or reddish brown, brown on exposure to light, texture is fine and smooth, grain straight or slightly crossed, distinct ripple on all longitudinal sections, moderately hard, rather tough, moderately heavy to heavy, not very durable, somewhat resistant to beetles, seasons well, easy to work.
Use: bark for rope, tying, for dye and strengthen cloth, fish nets, ropes etc; preservative; medicine; wood for posts, beams, joists, rafters, flooring, sheathing, ceilings, furniture, cabinetwork, household implements, combs, ties and paving blocks; wood for fuel.